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		<id>https://mcclurken.umwhistory.org/wiki/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=325--Week_1_Questions%2FComments</id>
		<title>325--Week 1 Questions/Comments - Revision history</title>
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	<entry>
		<id>https://mcclurken.umwhistory.org/wiki/index.php?title=325--Week_1_Questions/Comments&amp;diff=3648&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Jphilli2 at 11:31, 15 January 2009</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://mcclurken.umwhistory.org/wiki/index.php?title=325--Week_1_Questions/Comments&amp;diff=3648&amp;oldid=prev"/>
				<updated>2009-01-15T11:31:40Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table class=&#039;diff diff-contentalign-left&#039;&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&#039;2&#039; style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&#039;2&#039; style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 11:31, 15 January 2009&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 26:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 26:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;In response to Kelly&amp;#039;s point - I really had a hard time swallowing this Masculinity and Technology article. It raised a lot of questions in my mind as well. I can follow some of what Pursell was getting at, but there is a certain point where my &amp;quot;girl power&amp;quot; feminist-like mantra isn&amp;#039;t enough to carry me through an article that ignores that technology TODAY is not necessarily all made for men by men. I agree that historically masculinity and technology coincide, but I would like to think that Leo Marx&amp;#039;s definition of technology as a hybrid of words to describe one non-specific institution is best - with no implication that man or woman reigns supreme. I would really like to open this one up to discussion in class because I really would like to further dissect Pursell&amp;#039;s argument, maybe I misread or overlooked something eye-opening. – Elle&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;In response to Kelly&amp;#039;s point - I really had a hard time swallowing this Masculinity and Technology article. It raised a lot of questions in my mind as well. I can follow some of what Pursell was getting at, but there is a certain point where my &amp;quot;girl power&amp;quot; feminist-like mantra isn&amp;#039;t enough to carry me through an article that ignores that technology TODAY is not necessarily all made for men by men. I agree that historically masculinity and technology coincide, but I would like to think that Leo Marx&amp;#039;s definition of technology as a hybrid of words to describe one non-specific institution is best - with no implication that man or woman reigns supreme. I would really like to open this one up to discussion in class because I really would like to further dissect Pursell&amp;#039;s argument, maybe I misread or overlooked something eye-opening. – Elle&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
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&lt;b&gt;Deprecated&lt;/b&gt;:  Creation of dynamic property _HWLDF_WordAccumulator::$_line is deprecated in &lt;b&gt;/home/umwhisto/public_html/mcclurken/wiki/includes/diff/DairikiDiff.php&lt;/b&gt; on line &lt;b&gt;1167&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;b&gt;Deprecated&lt;/b&gt;:  Creation of dynamic property _HWLDF_WordAccumulator::$_group is deprecated in &lt;b&gt;/home/umwhisto/public_html/mcclurken/wiki/includes/diff/DairikiDiff.php&lt;/b&gt; on line &lt;b&gt;1168&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;b&gt;Deprecated&lt;/b&gt;:  Creation of dynamic property _HWLDF_WordAccumulator::$_tag is deprecated in &lt;b&gt;/home/umwhisto/public_html/mcclurken/wiki/includes/diff/DairikiDiff.php&lt;/b&gt; on line &lt;b&gt;1169&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;I agree with Elle and also didn&amp;#039;t quite agree with the Masculinity and Technology article. The author had a few valid points, but occasionally historians tend to take what they believe and attempt to stretch it to the &amp;quot;nth&amp;quot; degree to make a point. &amp;#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;I agree with Elle and also didn&amp;#039;t quite agree with the Masculinity and Technology article. The author had a few valid points, but occasionally historians tend to take what they believe and attempt to stretch it to the &amp;quot;nth&amp;quot; degree to make a point. &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;--- Jeffrey Phillips&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Langdon Walker&amp;#039;s article &amp;quot;Do Artifacts Have Politics?&amp;quot; and Donald MacKenzie&amp;#039;s article &amp;quot;The Social Shaping of Technology&amp;quot; address the premise that technology itself is not merely technical. Rather, &amp;quot;technological advancement&amp;quot; brings social, economic, and political consequences that often have negative repercussions for different groups of people often lost in the historical narrative. We view the latest technology as the &amp;quot;best&amp;quot; and often do not consider the how &amp;quot;advancement&amp;quot; might effect the way society progresses and develops norms (Robert Moses&amp;#039; parkway overpasses discriminating against the poor and minorities). Similarly, the development of the mechanical tomato harvester by the University of California in the late 1940s put small tomato farmers out of business and cost thousands of people their jobs. As MacKenzie asks, what are the characteristics and qualities that make a certain mode of technology &amp;quot;best&amp;quot;? Who benefits from these new additions? -Bryan Lees&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Langdon Walker&amp;#039;s article &amp;quot;Do Artifacts Have Politics?&amp;quot; and Donald MacKenzie&amp;#039;s article &amp;quot;The Social Shaping of Technology&amp;quot; address the premise that technology itself is not merely technical. Rather, &amp;quot;technological advancement&amp;quot; brings social, economic, and political consequences that often have negative repercussions for different groups of people often lost in the historical narrative. We view the latest technology as the &amp;quot;best&amp;quot; and often do not consider the how &amp;quot;advancement&amp;quot; might effect the way society progresses and develops norms (Robert Moses&amp;#039; parkway overpasses discriminating against the poor and minorities). Similarly, the development of the mechanical tomato harvester by the University of California in the late 1940s put small tomato farmers out of business and cost thousands of people their jobs. As MacKenzie asks, what are the characteristics and qualities that make a certain mode of technology &amp;quot;best&amp;quot;? Who benefits from these new additions? -Bryan Lees&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Jphilli2</name></author>	</entry>

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	<entry>
		<id>https://mcclurken.umwhistory.org/wiki/index.php?title=325--Week_1_Questions/Comments&amp;diff=3647&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Jphilli2 at 11:31, 15 January 2009</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://mcclurken.umwhistory.org/wiki/index.php?title=325--Week_1_Questions/Comments&amp;diff=3647&amp;oldid=prev"/>
				<updated>2009-01-15T11:31:04Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table class=&#039;diff diff-contentalign-left&#039;&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&#039;2&#039; style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 11:31, 15 January 2009&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 25:&lt;/td&gt;
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&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;In response to Kelly&amp;#039;s point - I really had a hard time swallowing this Masculinity and Technology article. It raised a lot of questions in my mind as well. I can follow some of what Pursell was getting at, but there is a certain point where my &amp;quot;girl power&amp;quot; feminist-like mantra isn&amp;#039;t enough to carry me through an article that ignores that technology TODAY is not necessarily all made for men by men. I agree that historically masculinity and technology coincide, but I would like to think that Leo Marx&amp;#039;s definition of technology as a hybrid of words to describe one non-specific institution is best - with no implication that man or woman reigns supreme. I would really like to open this one up to discussion in class because I really would like to further dissect Pursell&amp;#039;s argument, maybe I misread or overlooked something eye-opening. – Elle&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;In response to Kelly&amp;#039;s point - I really had a hard time swallowing this Masculinity and Technology article. It raised a lot of questions in my mind as well. I can follow some of what Pursell was getting at, but there is a certain point where my &amp;quot;girl power&amp;quot; feminist-like mantra isn&amp;#039;t enough to carry me through an article that ignores that technology TODAY is not necessarily all made for men by men. I agree that historically masculinity and technology coincide, but I would like to think that Leo Marx&amp;#039;s definition of technology as a hybrid of words to describe one non-specific institution is best - with no implication that man or woman reigns supreme. I would really like to open this one up to discussion in class because I really would like to further dissect Pursell&amp;#039;s argument, maybe I misread or overlooked something eye-opening. – Elle&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;I agree with Elle and also didn&amp;#039;t quite agree with the Masculinity and Technology article. The author had a few valid points, but occasionally historians tend to take what they believe and attempt to stretch it to the &amp;quot;nth&amp;quot; degree to make a point. &lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Langdon Walker&amp;#039;s article &amp;quot;Do Artifacts Have Politics?&amp;quot; and Donald MacKenzie&amp;#039;s article &amp;quot;The Social Shaping of Technology&amp;quot; address the premise that technology itself is not merely technical. Rather, &amp;quot;technological advancement&amp;quot; brings social, economic, and political consequences that often have negative repercussions for different groups of people often lost in the historical narrative. We view the latest technology as the &amp;quot;best&amp;quot; and often do not consider the how &amp;quot;advancement&amp;quot; might effect the way society progresses and develops norms (Robert Moses&amp;#039; parkway overpasses discriminating against the poor and minorities). Similarly, the development of the mechanical tomato harvester by the University of California in the late 1940s put small tomato farmers out of business and cost thousands of people their jobs. As MacKenzie asks, what are the characteristics and qualities that make a certain mode of technology &amp;quot;best&amp;quot;? Who benefits from these new additions? -Bryan Lees&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Langdon Walker&amp;#039;s article &amp;quot;Do Artifacts Have Politics?&amp;quot; and Donald MacKenzie&amp;#039;s article &amp;quot;The Social Shaping of Technology&amp;quot; address the premise that technology itself is not merely technical. Rather, &amp;quot;technological advancement&amp;quot; brings social, economic, and political consequences that often have negative repercussions for different groups of people often lost in the historical narrative. We view the latest technology as the &amp;quot;best&amp;quot; and often do not consider the how &amp;quot;advancement&amp;quot; might effect the way society progresses and develops norms (Robert Moses&amp;#039; parkway overpasses discriminating against the poor and minorities). Similarly, the development of the mechanical tomato harvester by the University of California in the late 1940s put small tomato farmers out of business and cost thousands of people their jobs. As MacKenzie asks, what are the characteristics and qualities that make a certain mode of technology &amp;quot;best&amp;quot;? Who benefits from these new additions? -Bryan Lees&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Jphilli2</name></author>	</entry>

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	<entry>
		<id>https://mcclurken.umwhistory.org/wiki/index.php?title=325--Week_1_Questions/Comments&amp;diff=3646&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Jphilli2 at 11:27, 15 January 2009</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://mcclurken.umwhistory.org/wiki/index.php?title=325--Week_1_Questions/Comments&amp;diff=3646&amp;oldid=prev"/>
				<updated>2009-01-15T11:27:30Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table class=&#039;diff diff-contentalign-left&#039;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&#039;diff-marker&#039; /&gt;
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				&lt;tr style=&#039;vertical-align: top;&#039;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&#039;2&#039; style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&#039;2&#039; style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 11:27, 15 January 2009&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 5:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 5:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;I first want to say, is it me or is the text a little wordy? Seems to me this could be explained a little more easily. Anyway to answer what Jessica said in my opinion progress seems to always be measured by technological advances. In History as I have been thinking about it, our achievement has been linked to some sort of tech advance. I think the transition of mechanical arts to technology came from greed. Like the tomato picking in California, replace the worker with a machine you don&amp;#039;t have to pay. Anyway to make money the better, and with the industrial revolution we became a capitalist nation. Now in the 21st century I think we rely on computers, cell phones, calculators, etc way to much. Don&amp;#039;t get me wrong I love my computer and phone just as much as the next guy, but I also feel that we have come a long way really fast and that is not always the best. Also maybe why the transition happen is because it&amp;#039;s more marketable, everyone can have a piece of technology it&amp;#039;s not just for the rich as in early days. I may have made no sence but I am just thinking out loud...Aislyn Cathers&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;I first want to say, is it me or is the text a little wordy? Seems to me this could be explained a little more easily. Anyway to answer what Jessica said in my opinion progress seems to always be measured by technological advances. In History as I have been thinking about it, our achievement has been linked to some sort of tech advance. I think the transition of mechanical arts to technology came from greed. Like the tomato picking in California, replace the worker with a machine you don&amp;#039;t have to pay. Anyway to make money the better, and with the industrial revolution we became a capitalist nation. Now in the 21st century I think we rely on computers, cell phones, calculators, etc way to much. Don&amp;#039;t get me wrong I love my computer and phone just as much as the next guy, but I also feel that we have come a long way really fast and that is not always the best. Also maybe why the transition happen is because it&amp;#039;s more marketable, everyone can have a piece of technology it&amp;#039;s not just for the rich as in early days. I may have made no sence but I am just thinking out loud...Aislyn Cathers&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
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&lt;b&gt;Deprecated&lt;/b&gt;:  Creation of dynamic property _HWLDF_WordAccumulator::$_tag is deprecated in &lt;b&gt;/home/umwhisto/public_html/mcclurken/wiki/includes/diff/DairikiDiff.php&lt;/b&gt; on line &lt;b&gt;1169&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;I was reading people&amp;#039;s responses and found I agree with Aislyn and her comments alot. The text seemed very wordy, especially the first couple essays. I don&amp;#039;t want to say that it &amp;quot;sucked,&amp;quot; but it definately came across a little dry. In addition, I believe that we also rely on high-tech devices more than we probably should. However, in saying this, I&amp;#039;m being hypocritical. &amp;#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;I was reading people&amp;#039;s responses and found I agree with Aislyn and her comments alot. The text seemed very wordy, especially the first couple essays. I don&amp;#039;t want to say that it &amp;quot;sucked,&amp;quot; but it definately came across a little dry. In addition, I believe that we also rely on high-tech devices more than we probably should. However, in saying this, I&amp;#039;m being hypocritical. &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;oops forgot to add my name ---- Jeff Phillips&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;I agree with Aislyn&amp;#039;s point that greed and power have a great deal to do with how technology is formed and the purpose behind it. Langdon Winner&amp;#039;s article implies that technology embodies &amp;quot;specific forms of power and authority.&amp;quot; In addition, he goes onto state that there is a common assumption that &amp;quot;technologies are introduced to increase efficiency, the history of technology shows that we will sometimes be disappointed.&amp;quot; I think this quote concisely describes the majority of Langdon&amp;#039;s point - sometimes technology is not used to better mankind - it is used to further prejudices or gain power or money. I think this is a fair warning that we are all shaped the the technologies around us, and we need to hope that the people in charge of major decisions like highways or bridges (as Jessica brought up) are in everyone&amp;#039;s best interest. – Elle&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;I agree with Aislyn&amp;#039;s point that greed and power have a great deal to do with how technology is formed and the purpose behind it. Langdon Winner&amp;#039;s article implies that technology embodies &amp;quot;specific forms of power and authority.&amp;quot; In addition, he goes onto state that there is a common assumption that &amp;quot;technologies are introduced to increase efficiency, the history of technology shows that we will sometimes be disappointed.&amp;quot; I think this quote concisely describes the majority of Langdon&amp;#039;s point - sometimes technology is not used to better mankind - it is used to further prejudices or gain power or money. I think this is a fair warning that we are all shaped the the technologies around us, and we need to hope that the people in charge of major decisions like highways or bridges (as Jessica brought up) are in everyone&amp;#039;s best interest. – Elle&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Jphilli2</name></author>	</entry>

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	<entry>
		<id>https://mcclurken.umwhistory.org/wiki/index.php?title=325--Week_1_Questions/Comments&amp;diff=3645&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Jphilli2 at 11:26, 15 January 2009</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://mcclurken.umwhistory.org/wiki/index.php?title=325--Week_1_Questions/Comments&amp;diff=3645&amp;oldid=prev"/>
				<updated>2009-01-15T11:26:39Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table class=&#039;diff diff-contentalign-left&#039;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&#039;diff-marker&#039; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&#039;diff-content&#039; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&#039;diff-marker&#039; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&#039;diff-content&#039; /&gt;
				&lt;tr style=&#039;vertical-align: top;&#039;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&#039;2&#039; style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&#039;2&#039; style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 11:26, 15 January 2009&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 4:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 4:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;I first want to say, is it me or is the text a little wordy? Seems to me this could be explained a little more easily. Anyway to answer what Jessica said in my opinion progress seems to always be measured by technological advances. In History as I have been thinking about it, our achievement has been linked to some sort of tech advance. I think the transition of mechanical arts to technology came from greed. Like the tomato picking in California, replace the worker with a machine you don&amp;#039;t have to pay. Anyway to make money the better, and with the industrial revolution we became a capitalist nation. Now in the 21st century I think we rely on computers, cell phones, calculators, etc way to much. Don&amp;#039;t get me wrong I love my computer and phone just as much as the next guy, but I also feel that we have come a long way really fast and that is not always the best. Also maybe why the transition happen is because it&amp;#039;s more marketable, everyone can have a piece of technology it&amp;#039;s not just for the rich as in early days. I may have made no sence but I am just thinking out loud...Aislyn Cathers&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;I first want to say, is it me or is the text a little wordy? Seems to me this could be explained a little more easily. Anyway to answer what Jessica said in my opinion progress seems to always be measured by technological advances. In History as I have been thinking about it, our achievement has been linked to some sort of tech advance. I think the transition of mechanical arts to technology came from greed. Like the tomato picking in California, replace the worker with a machine you don&amp;#039;t have to pay. Anyway to make money the better, and with the industrial revolution we became a capitalist nation. Now in the 21st century I think we rely on computers, cell phones, calculators, etc way to much. Don&amp;#039;t get me wrong I love my computer and phone just as much as the next guy, but I also feel that we have come a long way really fast and that is not always the best. Also maybe why the transition happen is because it&amp;#039;s more marketable, everyone can have a piece of technology it&amp;#039;s not just for the rich as in early days. I may have made no sence but I am just thinking out loud...Aislyn Cathers&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;I was reading people&amp;#039;s responses and found I agree with Aislyn and her comments alot. The text seemed very wordy, especially the first couple essays. I don&amp;#039;t want to say that it &amp;quot;sucked,&amp;quot; but it definately came across a little dry. In addition, I believe that we also rely on high-tech devices more than we probably should. However, in saying this, I&amp;#039;m being hypocritical. &lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;I agree with Aislyn&amp;#039;s point that greed and power have a great deal to do with how technology is formed and the purpose behind it. Langdon Winner&amp;#039;s article implies that technology embodies &amp;quot;specific forms of power and authority.&amp;quot; In addition, he goes onto state that there is a common assumption that &amp;quot;technologies are introduced to increase efficiency, the history of technology shows that we will sometimes be disappointed.&amp;quot; I think this quote concisely describes the majority of Langdon&amp;#039;s point - sometimes technology is not used to better mankind - it is used to further prejudices or gain power or money. I think this is a fair warning that we are all shaped the the technologies around us, and we need to hope that the people in charge of major decisions like highways or bridges (as Jessica brought up) are in everyone&amp;#039;s best interest. – Elle&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;I agree with Aislyn&amp;#039;s point that greed and power have a great deal to do with how technology is formed and the purpose behind it. Langdon Winner&amp;#039;s article implies that technology embodies &amp;quot;specific forms of power and authority.&amp;quot; In addition, he goes onto state that there is a common assumption that &amp;quot;technologies are introduced to increase efficiency, the history of technology shows that we will sometimes be disappointed.&amp;quot; I think this quote concisely describes the majority of Langdon&amp;#039;s point - sometimes technology is not used to better mankind - it is used to further prejudices or gain power or money. I think this is a fair warning that we are all shaped the the technologies around us, and we need to hope that the people in charge of major decisions like highways or bridges (as Jessica brought up) are in everyone&amp;#039;s best interest. – Elle&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Jphilli2</name></author>	</entry>

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	<entry>
		<id>https://mcclurken.umwhistory.org/wiki/index.php?title=325--Week_1_Questions/Comments&amp;diff=3644&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Bbrown at 07:34, 15 January 2009</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://mcclurken.umwhistory.org/wiki/index.php?title=325--Week_1_Questions/Comments&amp;diff=3644&amp;oldid=prev"/>
				<updated>2009-01-15T07:34:39Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table class=&#039;diff diff-contentalign-left&#039;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&#039;diff-marker&#039; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&#039;diff-content&#039; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&#039;diff-marker&#039; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&#039;diff-content&#039; /&gt;
				&lt;tr style=&#039;vertical-align: top;&#039;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&#039;2&#039; style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&#039;2&#039; style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 07:34, 15 January 2009&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 70:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 70:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;I found the transition of the meaning of technology interesting. It began as something simple and transformed into more of a process. Marx uses the example that although the steam engine was the symbol of nineteenth century progress, it failed to represent the complex technological system that the steam engine relied on such as stations, signals, and tracks. This relates to Langdon Winner&amp;#039;s article because the meaning of technology has evolved to the point where it is interpreted in a political way. --Karen Siegmund&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;I found the transition of the meaning of technology interesting. It began as something simple and transformed into more of a process. Marx uses the example that although the steam engine was the symbol of nineteenth century progress, it failed to represent the complex technological system that the steam engine relied on such as stations, signals, and tracks. This relates to Langdon Winner&amp;#039;s article because the meaning of technology has evolved to the point where it is interpreted in a political way. --Karen Siegmund&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;In regards to the creation of new technology, referred to in the Winner article, I don&amp;#039;t think that any artifact is created without an idea for its use, be that use be good or evil.&amp;#160; The vast majority of inventions purposes can be easily deduced by most people.&amp;#160; The Moses bridges case is an extreme one and I do not think that it is a very good representation of typical advancements made in any field.&amp;#160; -Brian Brown&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;While I believe there is some basis for the article about masculinity in technology, I believe that it has been blown out of proportion.&amp;#160; While there are many inventions that may appear to look like a phalus like object, that does not mean that they were designed with the idea of showing that it was created by a man because it mimics the shape of a man&amp;#039;s reproductive organ.&amp;#160; It is quite possible that the artifact in question was designed that way in order to increase its effectivity, ease of use, or it was merely a coincidence.&amp;#160; I believe the author puts far too much weight on the idea that men are so insecure that they require to reassert themselves as being dominant over females whenever they invent something.&amp;#160; -Brian Brown&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Bbrown</name></author>	</entry>

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	<entry>
		<id>https://mcclurken.umwhistory.org/wiki/index.php?title=325--Week_1_Questions/Comments&amp;diff=3643&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Karen Siegmund at 06:58, 15 January 2009</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://mcclurken.umwhistory.org/wiki/index.php?title=325--Week_1_Questions/Comments&amp;diff=3643&amp;oldid=prev"/>
				<updated>2009-01-15T06:58:26Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table class=&#039;diff diff-contentalign-left&#039;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&#039;diff-marker&#039; /&gt;
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				&lt;tr style=&#039;vertical-align: top;&#039;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&#039;2&#039; style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&#039;2&#039; style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 06:58, 15 January 2009&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 68:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 68:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;I find the lack of decisive opinion given by the editors of this book to be somewhat annoying. &amp;quot;We have taken the most generous position, namely that technology is whatever and wherever our essayists say it is... we hope that the question &amp;quot;what is technology?&amp;quot; will remain open through the end of the book...&amp;quot; Something about this just makes me feel like this is a cop out answer. We can&amp;#039;t decide so we are going to let other people tell all their opinions so that everyone can have a say. I guess it could be looked at as a outlet to facilitating other scholars ideas, but hopefully at some point during this book the people getting credit for it might have an opinion of their own for us to ponder. -- Elle&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;I find the lack of decisive opinion given by the editors of this book to be somewhat annoying. &amp;quot;We have taken the most generous position, namely that technology is whatever and wherever our essayists say it is... we hope that the question &amp;quot;what is technology?&amp;quot; will remain open through the end of the book...&amp;quot; Something about this just makes me feel like this is a cop out answer. We can&amp;#039;t decide so we are going to let other people tell all their opinions so that everyone can have a say. I guess it could be looked at as a outlet to facilitating other scholars ideas, but hopefully at some point during this book the people getting credit for it might have an opinion of their own for us to ponder. -- Elle&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;I found the transition of the meaning of technology interesting. It began as something simple and transformed into more of a process. Marx uses the example that although the steam engine was the symbol of nineteenth century progress, it failed to represent the complex technological system that the steam engine relied on such as stations, signals, and tracks. This relates to Langdon Winner&amp;#039;s article because the meaning of technology has evolved to the point where it is interpreted in a political way. --Karen Siegmund&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Karen Siegmund</name></author>	</entry>

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	<entry>
		<id>https://mcclurken.umwhistory.org/wiki/index.php?title=325--Week_1_Questions/Comments&amp;diff=3641&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Eweaver at 06:07, 15 January 2009</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://mcclurken.umwhistory.org/wiki/index.php?title=325--Week_1_Questions/Comments&amp;diff=3641&amp;oldid=prev"/>
				<updated>2009-01-15T06:07:22Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table class=&#039;diff diff-contentalign-left&#039;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&#039;diff-marker&#039; /&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&#039;2&#039; style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&#039;2&#039; style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 06:07, 15 January 2009&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 5:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 5:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;I first want to say, is it me or is the text a little wordy? Seems to me this could be explained a little more easily. Anyway to answer what Jessica said in my opinion progress seems to always be measured by technological advances. In History as I have been thinking about it, our achievement has been linked to some sort of tech advance. I think the transition of mechanical arts to technology came from greed. Like the tomato picking in California, replace the worker with a machine you don&amp;#039;t have to pay. Anyway to make money the better, and with the industrial revolution we became a capitalist nation. Now in the 21st century I think we rely on computers, cell phones, calculators, etc way to much. Don&amp;#039;t get me wrong I love my computer and phone just as much as the next guy, but I also feel that we have come a long way really fast and that is not always the best. Also maybe why the transition happen is because it&amp;#039;s more marketable, everyone can have a piece of technology it&amp;#039;s not just for the rich as in early days. I may have made no sence but I am just thinking out loud...Aislyn Cathers&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;I first want to say, is it me or is the text a little wordy? Seems to me this could be explained a little more easily. Anyway to answer what Jessica said in my opinion progress seems to always be measured by technological advances. In History as I have been thinking about it, our achievement has been linked to some sort of tech advance. I think the transition of mechanical arts to technology came from greed. Like the tomato picking in California, replace the worker with a machine you don&amp;#039;t have to pay. Anyway to make money the better, and with the industrial revolution we became a capitalist nation. Now in the 21st century I think we rely on computers, cell phones, calculators, etc way to much. Don&amp;#039;t get me wrong I love my computer and phone just as much as the next guy, but I also feel that we have come a long way really fast and that is not always the best. Also maybe why the transition happen is because it&amp;#039;s more marketable, everyone can have a piece of technology it&amp;#039;s not just for the rich as in early days. I may have made no sence but I am just thinking out loud...Aislyn Cathers&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;I agree with Aislyn&amp;#039;s point that greed and power have a great deal to do with how technology is formed and the purpose behind it. Langdon Winner&amp;#039;s article implies that technology embodies &amp;quot;specific forms of power and authority.&amp;quot; In addition, he goes onto state that there is a common assumption that &amp;quot;technologies are introduced to increase efficiency, the history of technology shows that we will sometimes be disappointed.&amp;quot; I think this quote concisely describes the majority of Langdon&amp;#039;s point - sometimes technology is not used to better mankind - it is used to further prejudices or gain power or money. I think this is a fair warning that we are all shaped the the technologies around us, and we need to hope that the people in charge of major decisions like highways or bridges (as Jessica brought up) are in everyone&amp;#039;s best interest. – Elle&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;I found it very interesting how technology has been perceived over the years.&amp;#160; What actually is considered to be technology is a very complex question, it seems that each generation has there own idea of technology and it is every changing. -- Kellye Sorber&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;I found it very interesting how technology has been perceived over the years.&amp;#160; What actually is considered to be technology is a very complex question, it seems that each generation has there own idea of technology and it is every changing. -- Kellye Sorber&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 20:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 21:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The section &amp;quot;Masculinity and Technology&amp;quot; raises a couple of issues for me that I find very interesting.&amp;#160; The author states that if one understands technology and has a skill, then one is truly a man.&amp;#160; He explained that with the case of Frederick Douglass.&amp;#160; Now, my first question is do we think that&amp;#039;s a valid argument?&amp;#160; Do we believe that people today still believe that you&amp;#039;re wimpy if you don&amp;#039;t understand technology?&amp;#160; That you&amp;#039;re not a real man?&amp;#160; The next thing I found interesting was the notion that women are inferior and therefore should not be as technologically fluent.&amp;#160; Technology has always been seen as far more masculine and a more manly skill to acquire.&amp;#160; But with the dishwasher and the washing machine, and other such advancements, do you believe that the classification that technology = masculine is changing? Or does a large majority of society consider technology to refer to computers and other such items that the stereotype might not be different? -Kelly Wuyscik&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The section &amp;quot;Masculinity and Technology&amp;quot; raises a couple of issues for me that I find very interesting.&amp;#160; The author states that if one understands technology and has a skill, then one is truly a man.&amp;#160; He explained that with the case of Frederick Douglass.&amp;#160; Now, my first question is do we think that&amp;#039;s a valid argument?&amp;#160; Do we believe that people today still believe that you&amp;#039;re wimpy if you don&amp;#039;t understand technology?&amp;#160; That you&amp;#039;re not a real man?&amp;#160; The next thing I found interesting was the notion that women are inferior and therefore should not be as technologically fluent.&amp;#160; Technology has always been seen as far more masculine and a more manly skill to acquire.&amp;#160; But with the dishwasher and the washing machine, and other such advancements, do you believe that the classification that technology = masculine is changing? Or does a large majority of society consider technology to refer to computers and other such items that the stereotype might not be different? -Kelly Wuyscik&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;In response to Kelly&amp;#039;s point - I really had a hard time swallowing this Masculinity and Technology article. It raised a lot of questions in my mind as well. I can follow some of what Pursell was getting at, but there is a certain point where my &amp;quot;girl power&amp;quot; feminist-like mantra isn&amp;#039;t enough to carry me through an article that ignores that technology TODAY is not necessarily all made for men by men. I agree that historically masculinity and technology coincide, but I would like to think that Leo Marx&amp;#039;s definition of technology as a hybrid of words to describe one non-specific institution is best - with no implication that man or woman reigns supreme. I would really like to open this one up to discussion in class because I really would like to further dissect Pursell&amp;#039;s argument, maybe I misread or overlooked something eye-opening. – Elle&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Langdon Walker&amp;#039;s article &amp;quot;Do Artifacts Have Politics?&amp;quot; and Donald MacKenzie&amp;#039;s article &amp;quot;The Social Shaping of Technology&amp;quot; address the premise that technology itself is not merely technical. Rather, &amp;quot;technological advancement&amp;quot; brings social, economic, and political consequences that often have negative repercussions for different groups of people often lost in the historical narrative. We view the latest technology as the &amp;quot;best&amp;quot; and often do not consider the how &amp;quot;advancement&amp;quot; might effect the way society progresses and develops norms (Robert Moses&amp;#039; parkway overpasses discriminating against the poor and minorities). Similarly, the development of the mechanical tomato harvester by the University of California in the late 1940s put small tomato farmers out of business and cost thousands of people their jobs. As MacKenzie asks, what are the characteristics and qualities that make a certain mode of technology &amp;quot;best&amp;quot;? Who benefits from these new additions? -Bryan Lees&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Langdon Walker&amp;#039;s article &amp;quot;Do Artifacts Have Politics?&amp;quot; and Donald MacKenzie&amp;#039;s article &amp;quot;The Social Shaping of Technology&amp;quot; address the premise that technology itself is not merely technical. Rather, &amp;quot;technological advancement&amp;quot; brings social, economic, and political consequences that often have negative repercussions for different groups of people often lost in the historical narrative. We view the latest technology as the &amp;quot;best&amp;quot; and often do not consider the how &amp;quot;advancement&amp;quot; might effect the way society progresses and develops norms (Robert Moses&amp;#039; parkway overpasses discriminating against the poor and minorities). Similarly, the development of the mechanical tomato harvester by the University of California in the late 1940s put small tomato farmers out of business and cost thousands of people their jobs. As MacKenzie asks, what are the characteristics and qualities that make a certain mode of technology &amp;quot;best&amp;quot;? Who benefits from these new additions? -Bryan Lees&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Eweaver</name></author>	</entry>

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<b>Deprecated</b>:  Creation of dynamic property Revision::$mUnpatrolled is deprecated in <b>/home/umwhisto/public_html/mcclurken/wiki/includes/Revision.php</b> on line <b>661</b><br />
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<b>Deprecated</b>:  Creation of dynamic property Revision::$mTextId is deprecated in <b>/home/umwhisto/public_html/mcclurken/wiki/includes/Revision.php</b> on line <b>505</b><br />
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<b>Deprecated</b>:  Creation of dynamic property Revision::$mUnpatrolled is deprecated in <b>/home/umwhisto/public_html/mcclurken/wiki/includes/Revision.php</b> on line <b>661</b><br />
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<b>Deprecated</b>:  Creation of dynamic property WikitextContent::$mText is deprecated in <b>/home/umwhisto/public_html/mcclurken/wiki/includes/content/TextContent.php</b> on line <b>51</b><br />
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<b>Deprecated</b>:  Creation of dynamic property WikitextContent::$mText is deprecated in <b>/home/umwhisto/public_html/mcclurken/wiki/includes/content/TextContent.php</b> on line <b>51</b><br />
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<b>Fatal error</b>:  Uncaught TypeError: MWExceptionHandler::report(): Argument #1 ($e) must be of type Exception, Error given, called in /home/umwhisto/public_html/mcclurken/wiki/includes/Exception.php on line 678 and defined in /home/umwhisto/public_html/mcclurken/wiki/includes/Exception.php:598
Stack trace:
#0 /home/umwhisto/public_html/mcclurken/wiki/includes/Exception.php(678): MWExceptionHandler::report(Object(Error))
#1 [internal function]: MWExceptionHandler::handle(Object(Error))
#2 {main}
  thrown in <b>/home/umwhisto/public_html/mcclurken/wiki/includes/Exception.php</b> on line <b>598</b><br />
